Abstract:Objective To investigate the gut microbiota composition in patients with mitral valve prolapse（MVP）using16S rDNA high?throughput sequencing technology，and to analyze species diversity and differential taxa between MVP patients and healthy controls， thereby assessing the correlation between altered microbial genera and MVP pathogenesis. Methods A total of 20 participants were recruited，including 10 MVP patients（MVP group）scheduled for surgical treatment at Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024，and 10 age? and gender?matched healthy controls （CON group）. Gut microbiota profiles were analyzed using 16S rDNA high- through put sequencing technology. Results The MVP group exhibited a higher number of operational taxonomic units（OTUs）compared to controls. No statistically significant differences were observed in alpha diversity（P>0.05）. Significant differences in beta diversity between groups were detected（P<0.05）. The abundances of Bacilli，Betaproteobacteriales，Lactobacillales，Acid aminococcaceae，Bacteroidaceae，and Bacteroides in the gut microbiota of patients with mitral valveprolapse were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals（P<0.05）. LEfse analysis revealed that the abundances of Pasteurellales，Pasteurellaceae，Haemophilus，and Lachnospiraceae_UCG?001 in the gut microbiota of the MVP groupplayed a dominant role in the microbiota differences. Conclusion There is a difference in the gut microbiota richness between patients with MVP and healthy individuals，but no significant difference in the overall community diversity.The specific microbiota present in patients with MVP may be associated with the occurrence and development of the condition.