Abstract:Objective To investigate the association between treatment course and scores［including Urticaria Control Test（UCT）, Urticaria Activity Score 7（UAS7）, and Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire（CU-Q2oL）］in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria（CSU）treated with omalizumab. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 124 CSU patients who received omalizumab treatment at the Department of Dermatology, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital from September 2023 to December 2024. All patients were treated with subcutaneous injections of omalizumab once every 4 weeks. UCT, UAS7, and CU-Q2oL scores were assessed at baseline and before each treatment session through outpatient follow-up and telephone interviews over a 12-month follow-up period. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the effect of treatment course on efficacy and quality of life in CSU patients treated with omalizumab. Results After the first treatment session, 92.7%（115/124）of patients showed a treatment response, and64.5%（80/124）achieved complete control. By the end of the 12th treatment session, the response rate increased to96.8%（120/124）, and 84.7%（105/124）achieved complete control. With increasing number of treatment sessions, UAS7 and CU-Q2oL scores showed a decreasing trend, while UCT scores showed an increasing trend. Fixed effects analysis revealed that, with the data from the 12th treatment as a reference, treatment duration was negatively associated with the changes in UAS7 and Q2oL from baseline to the 8th treatment（P＜0.05）, and positively associated with the change in UCT from baseline to the 9th treatment（P＜0.05）；no significant association was observed between treatment duration and any of the three scores during the later treatment period（P＞0.05）. Conclusion Omalizumab effectively controls CSU symptoms and improves patients?? quality of life, with all evaluation indicators gradually reaching a stable state over time.