Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of Ruyi Jinhuang Ointment on chemotherapy-induced phlebitis (CIP) and its effects on pain mediators and inflammatory factor levels. Methods A total of 118 CIP patients admitted to Baoji Hospital affiliated of Xi’an Medical University from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected and randomly divided into a control group (magnesium sulfate solution wet compress) and a combination group (magnesium sulfate solution wet compress combined with Ruyi Jinhuang Ointment), with 59 patients in each group. Both groups were treated for 7 days. The symptom relief times were compared between the two groups. Pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, serum pain mediators [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), dopamine (DA)], and inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL) -6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β] levels were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions were also compared between the two groups. Results The relief times for pain, redness, swelling, induration, and burning sensation in the combination group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, VAS scores and serum levels of 5-HT, PGE2, DA, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β decreased in both groups compared to before treatment (P<0.05), and these indicators in the combination group were lower than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the combination group was 93.22% (55/59), higher than that in the control group [79.66%, (47/59)], with a statistically significant difference (χ²=4.627, P=0.031). No significant adverse reactions were observed in either group, except for one case of mild skin itching in the combination group. Conclusion Ruyi Jinhuang Ointment can promote symptom recovery, relieve pain, improve therapeutic efficacy, reduce serum levels of pain mediators and inflammatory factors, and do not increase adverse reactions.