Abstract:Intervertebral disc degeneration（IDD）is one of the primary causes of low back pain and has become a globally recognized public health issue. The pathological process of IDD involves the abnormal activation of multiple cellular signaling pathways，among which the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/AKT）signaling pathway and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway are considered critical factors in the onset and progression of IDD. Research targeting these two signaling pathways has provided new insights for the treatment of IDD. For instance，inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway can reduce the production of inflammatory factors and the degradation of the extracellular matrix within the intervertebral disc，while modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway can help restore the function of disc cells and delay degenerative changes. In summary，the PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β- catenin signaling pathways play significant roles in IDD，and understanding them can aid in designing more effective treatment strategies. With further research，it is possible to develop novel therapies targeting these pathways，offering better treatment options for IDD patients.