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中国临床研究:2025,38(10):1514-1519
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右美托咪啶与环泊酚术中镇静对老年患者非全麻四肢骨折术后谵妄的影响
(中国药科大学附属浦口中医院麻醉科, 江苏 南京 210000)
Effects of intraoperative sedation with dexmedetomidine and ciprofol on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing non-general anesthesia for limb fracture surgery
(Department of Anesthesiology,Pukou Affiliated Hospital of China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000,China)
摘要
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投稿时间:2025-06-21   网络发布日期:2025-10-20
中文摘要: 目的 研究右美托咪啶与环泊酚对非全身麻醉四肢骨折手术患者围手术期镇痛、血流动力学及术后谵妄的影响 ,以期为临床选择更合适的镇静药物提供理论依据。方法 前瞻性选择中国药科大学附属浦口中医院2023年7月至2024 年 7 月择期行非全麻四肢骨折手术的 82 例老年患者,按照随机数字表法分为右美托咪啶组(D 组,41 例)和环泊酚组(C 组,41 例)。按照不同骨折手术部位两组实施相应的神经阻滞麻醉联合椎管内麻醉,评估麻醉效果满意后,按照随机分组实施镇静。D组患者术中使用右美托咪啶镇静,负荷量1 μg/kg泵注15 min,维持量 0.1~0.5 μg/(kg·h);C组患者术中使用环泊酚镇静,首次静脉推注负荷剂量0.1~0.2 mg/kg,维持量0.06~0.80 mg/(kg·h),直至缝皮结束时停止输注。主要观察指标为两组患者术后的谵妄情况,次要观察指标为两组患者术中血流动力学指标,包括心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2),术后疼痛和术后并发症情况。观察时点分别为术前1 d(T0)、入室镇静前(T1)、镇静中(T2)、麻醉后监测治疗室(PACU)中(T3)、术后1 d(T4)、术后2 d(T5)、术后3 d(T6)、术后5 d(T7)。结果 C组患者术后谵妄1例,D组患者未发现术后谵妄,两组患者术后谵妄发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在T5时点,D组患者静息状态视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分低于C组,差异有统计学意义(OR=1.477,95%CI:1.044~2.090,P<0.05)。两组患者在各时点运动VAS评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组间HR、SpO2差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在T3时间点,D组MAP低于C组,差异有统计学意义(OR=779.410,95%CI:7.341~82 750.451,P<0.05)。结论 与右美托咪啶相比,环泊酚对非全麻四肢骨折老年患者术后谵妄发生率无显著影响,且使用环泊酚的患者术后血流动力学更为稳定。
Abstract:Objective To compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and ciprofol on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing non - general anesthesia for limb fracture surgery,and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical selection of more appropriate sedative drugs. Methods Eighty-two elderly patients scheduled for elective non-generalanesthesia limb fracture surgery at Pukou Affiliated Hospital of China Pharmaceutical University from July 2023 to July2024 were prospectively selected and randomly assigned to two groups:dexmedetomidine group(group D,n=41)and ciprofol group(group C,n=41). According to different fracture surgical sites,corresponding nerve block anesthesia combined with intravertebral anesthesia were given in two groups. After confirming satisfactory anesthesia,sedation was administered according to randomization. Group D received dexmedetomidine[loading dose:1 μg/kg pumped over 15min;maintenance dose:0.1-0.5 μg/(kg·h)]. Group C received ciprofol[initial bolus loading dose:0.1-0.2 mg/kg;maintenance dose:0.06- 0.80 mg/(kg · h)]until skin closure. The primary outcome was postoperative deliriumincidence. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative hemodynamics [heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),pulse blood oxygen saturation(SpO2)],postoperative pain,and complications. Observation time points:preoperative day 1(T0),pre - sedation(T1),intra - sedation(T2),in the post anesthesia care unit(PACU)(T3),postoperative day 1(T4),day 2(T5),day 3(T6),and day 5(T7). Results One case of postoperative delirium occurred in group C,while none was observed in group D,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients(P>0.05). At T5,resting visual analogue scale(VAS)scores were significantly lower in group D than in group C(OR=1.477,95%CI:1.044-2.090,P<0.05). Significant inter group differences in active VAS scores existed at all timepoints(P<0.05). No significant differences in HR and SpO2 were observed between the two groups(P>0.05). At T3,MAP was significantly lower in group D than in group C(OR=779.410,95%CI:7.341-82 750.451,P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with dexmedetomidine,ciprofol does not significantly affect postoperative delirium incidence in elderly patients undergoing non-general anesthesia limb fracture surgery,and can provide more stable postoperative hemodynamics.
文章编号:     中图分类号:R541.7    文献标志码:A
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引用文本:
周达磊, 尤兰英, 徐进, 王珏, 黄俊杰, 姜顺顺, 郑康.右美托咪啶与环泊酚术中镇静对老年患者非全麻四肢骨折术后谵妄的影响[J].中国临床研究,2025,38(10):1514-1519.

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