Abstract:Objective To explore the effects of myofascial release therapy combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy on pain severity and lumbar spine function in patients with chronic nonspecific lower back pain（CNLBP）.Methods From August 2023 to August 2025，196 patients with CNLBP admitted to Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University were assigned to either the control group or the observation group，with 98 individuals in each cohort using a random number table. The control group was treated with extracorporeal shockwave，while the observation group received myofascial release therapy on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy，inflammatory factors，pain levels，lumbar function，and daily living ability were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results A significantly superior total treatment efficacy was achieved in the observation group compared with the control group（93.88% vs 84.69%，χ²=4.320，P=0.038）. After 4 weeks of treatment，compared to the control group，the observation group showed lower tumor necrosis factor - α（TNF - α），interleukin（IL）- 1β，and IL - 6 levels，lower Oswestry Disability Index（ODI）score，higher Japanese Orthopaedic Association（JOA）score and Barthel index（P<0.05）. Additionally，at 2 and 4 weeks post-treatment，the Visual Analogue Scale（VAS）score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Myofascial release therapy combined with extracorporeal shockwave can effectively reduce levels of serum inflammatory factors，relieve pain，improve lumbar function，and activities of daily living，and enhance clinical curative effect in CNLBP patients.