Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the influences of dexamethasone on postoperative lower-limb deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty. Methods A total of 224 patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from July to December 2015 were included in this study.According to whether dexamethasone was used before intraoperative bone cement implantation or not,the patients were divided into dexamethasone group (group A,n=75) and non-dexamethasone group (group B,n=149).Data of hemodynamic change and use of vasopressors were collected within 10 minutes after bone cement implantation.The deep venous thrombosis in both lower extremities were examined by color Doppler ultrasound before patients discharging.The incidence of arterial blood pressure decreasing above 20%,use of vasopressors and postoperative deep venous thrombosis were compared between two groups. Results The proportion of males in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (18.7% vs 20.8%，χ²=5.865，P<0.05).The blood loss in group A was higher than that in group B［(284.6±166.2)ml vs (233.5±113.5)ml,t=2.706,P<0.01］.The incidence of arterial blood pressure decreasing above 20% or the using of vasopressors in group A was statistically lower than that in group B (29.3% vs 63.1%,χ²=22.765,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative lower-limb deep venous thrombosis between group A and group B(8.0% vs 7.0%,χ²=0.125,P>0.05). Conclusion Dexamethasone cannot decrease the incidence of postoperative lower-limb deep venous thrombosis,but it can effectively prevent the occurrence of hypotension after bone cement implantation in hip or knee arthroplasty.