Abstract:Objective To measure the expression levels of serum micro RNA（miR）-93-5p and miR-124-3p in patients with diabetic nephropathy（DN）, and to explore the relationship of their changes with the short-term progression and prognosis of albuminuria. Methods A total of 116 DN patients admitted to Harbin First Hospital between January 2021and August 2023 were retrospectively selected as DN group, and 120 healthy individuals in the same period were selected as control group. Patients with DN were categorized into a progressive group（32 cases）and a non-progressive group（84 cases）based on the short-term progression of albuminuria. And patients with DN were divided into poor prognosis group（41 cases）and good prognosis group（75 cases）according to whether patients developed end-stage renal disease, renal failure and uremia after one-year follow-up. Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the levels of serum miR-93-5p and miR-124-3p in the subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing short-term progression of albuminuria and poor prognosis in DN patients. The predictive value of serum miR-93-5p and miR-124-3p levels, individually and combined, for poor prognosis in DN patients was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve. Results The serum levels of miR -93-5p and miR -124-3p were lower in DN group compared to control group（P＜0.05）, were lower in progression group compared to non-progression group（P＜0.05）, and were lower in poor prognosis group than those in good prognosis group（P＜0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum levels of miR-93-5p and miR-124-3pwere independent factors affecting the short-term progression of albuminuria and poor prognosis in DN patients（P＜0.05）. The combined prediction of poor prognosis in DN patients by these two miRNAs had a higher area under curve（0.945）than that of miR-93-5p（0.856）or miR-124-3p alone（0.852）, with statistically significant differences（Z=2.504, P=0.012；Z=2.551, P=0.011）. Conclusion The serum miR-93-5p and miR-124-3p in DN patients are associated with short-term progression and prognosis of albuminuria. The combined testing has a good predictive value for poor prognosis in DN patients.