Abstract:Sepsis is the most common acute and critical diseases in intensive care units，with high morbidity and mortality. Acute lung injury is a serious complication of sepsis. At present，the pathogenesis of sepsis- induced lung injury is still unclear，and reliable biomarkers and specific therapeutic methods are lacking. Exosomes，as extracellular vesicles，carry microRNA and play an important role in intercellular communication in respiratory system and inflammation-related diseases. Therefore，this article mainly discusses the pathogenesis，diagnostic and therapeutic value of exosomal microRNA in sepsis-induced acute lung injury，as well as its prospect in traditional Chinese medicine，providing a reference for clinical application.